| Title: | WASH in Schools in Piracema, Brazil |
|---|---|
| Description: | The main goal of this study was to describe the profile of schools from the basic education system in the municipality of Piracema (Minas Gerais, Brazil). Moreover, we also aimed to compare the characteristics of schools, with a special concern to WASH, pre- (2020), peri- (2021) and post-COVID-19 pandemic (2022) to evaluate to what extend schools in Piracema made progress in providing WASH since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is a sub-project of a PhD project and an initial study comparing the BNSC from 2020 and 2021 has already been conducted and published by the author of this project (for more details see references). Findings will be essential for the next phase of the research, which will be the collection of primary data in schools in the municipality of Piracema through qualitative methods (interviews, on-spot observations and art-based research). |
| Authors: | Alexis Tabin [aut, cre] (ORCID: <https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4908-9250>), Kasandra Poague [aut] (ORCID: <https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5430-3141>), Mian Zhong [aut] (ORCID: <https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4546-7214>) |
| Maintainer: | Alexis Tabin <[email protected]> |
| License: | CC BY 4.0 |
| Version: | 0.0.1 |
| Built: | 2026-09-24 05:14:29 UTC |
| Source: | https://github.com/openwashdata/waschoolpiracema |
Since 2014 INEP (Instituto National de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira), the Brazilian government entity responsible for the surveillance of schools, has been collecting and releasing information on an annual basis on the infrastructure of all basic education institutions in the country, regardless of the level of education, locality (rural vs urban) and management model (private or public) (INEP, 2021). Every year, the school's principals, headteachers, or the person in charge must reply to a self-reported survey sent by the INEP. The questionnaire contains 62 questions and should be filled out between June and August, considering the last Wednesday of May as the reference date for data collection (INEP, 2021). The final results are released at the end of January and the beginning of February from the following year. For the year 2020, due to the extraordinary situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, the reference date for collecting the data was postponed to March 11 2020, one day before the national closure of schools was established. Hence, the 2020 BNSC dataset describes the state of schools' infrastructure in Brazil right before they were closed. For 2021 and 2022, the reference date for data collection returned to the original standard (last Wednesday of May of 2021 and 2022). Thus, the 2021 BNSC, which were released on February 18 2022 reflect the impacts of the pandemic and the school closure on the state of schools' infrastructure in Brazil, while the 2022 BNSC released on and February 08 2023 indicates the situation of schools at the end of the pandemic. We adopted the word "pre" to designate the state of schools before the beginning of the pandemic (2020 BNSC), "peri" to refer to the state of schools during the pandemic (2021 BNSC) and "post" to indicate the conditions of schools moving forward from the COVID-19 pandemic (at the end of the pandemic).
waschoolpiracemawaschoolpiracema
A tibble with 21 rows and 36 variables
Year of Survey
Numerical code of the school
The administration of the school is federal (1); state (2); municipal (3), or private (4). Federal, state, and municipal schools are considered public.
The school is located in an urban (1) or rural area (2)
The school provides drinking water with quality suitable for human consumption (i.e., ingestion, preparation, and production of food) according to the Brazilian national water quality standards (former Portaria nº 2.914/2011 now Portaria de Consolidação nº5/2017)
The water in the school is supplied by a public network .
The water in the school is supplied by a borehole
The water in the school is supplied by a cacimba, cistern, or well
The water in the school is supplied by surface water source
There is no water supply in the school
The school dispose their sewage into a public sewerage system
The school dispose their sewage into septic tank
The solid waste in the school is regularly collected by the public cleaning service
The solid waste in the school is burned or incinerated
The solid waste in the school is buried
The solid waste in the school is disposed in an area licensed by environmental agencies, intended to receive solid waste in a planned manner (e.g., landfills)
The solid waste in the school is disposed in another area (none of the other options)
The school is equipped with sanitary facilities for personal hygiene/physiological needs
The school is equipped with sanitary facilities for children 0 to 5 years old
The school is equipped with disability-friendly sanitary facilities following the national guidelines (ABNT - NBR 9050)
The school is equipped with sanitary facilities for personal hygiene/physiological needs exclusively for staff
The school is equipped with sanitary facilities or changing room or washing room with appropriate equipment (shower) for bathing, exclusively for students
Total number of students per school
Percentage of girls per school
Percentage of boys per school
Percentage of students that are classified or self-identified as white race/skin color per school
Percentage of students that are classified or self-identified as brown race/skin color per school
Percentage of students that are classified or self-identified as black race/skin color per school
Percentage of students that are classified or self-identified as indigenous race/skin color per school
Percentage of students that are classified or self-identified as Asian race/skin color per school
Percentage of students that did not declared race/skin color per school
Percentage of students in daycare (0 - 3 years old)
Percentage of students in preschool (4 - 5 years old)
Percentage of students in primary education first cycle (6 - 10 years old)
Percentage of students in primary education second cycle (11 - 14 years old)
Percentage of students in secondary education (15 - 18 years old)